A certain number of pediatric dental patients demonstrate limited cooperation due to dental fear and/or anxiety, which may present a significant challenge in both planning and provision of dental treatment. The goals of sedation in pediatric patients are to ensure patient safety and facilitate coping with treatment, to minimize discomfort and the perception of pain, and to control anxiety while minimizing psychological trauma. Under minimal sedation, the patient remains conscious, maintains protective reflexes, and is able to communicate during treatment. Oral midazolam for paediatric dental sedation is supported in the literature as a simple and practical method that does not require specialized equipment and can be used effectively in uncooperative patients. However, its clinical effect may vary due to individual differences in gastrointestinal absorption, and it does not allow rapid adjustment of the depth of sedation during the procedure. Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen is widely used in both dentistry and medicine; however, it requires a cooperative patient who is able to follow instructions for nasal breathing. This technique allows precise titration of the administered dose, is characterized by a rapid onset and recovery, and provides a mild analgesic effect. Adverse events associated with minimal sedation are rare and most commonly related to improper technique or excessive depth of sedation. Such risks can be significantly reduced through adequate professional training and strict adherence to clinical guidelines. Minimal sedation should be combined with behavioral management techniques to effectively reduce dental anxiety, improve patient cooperation, and establish a positive attitude toward dental management, with the aim of minimizing or eliminating the need for sedation in future care. The lecture will discuss patient selection, indications and contraindications, and clinical protocols for minimal sedation in pediatric dental patients.